Html

The Html response type wraps any response body and automatically sets the Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 header.

Basic usage

Wrap a string or any type that implements IntoResponse:

use axum::{response::Html, routing::get, Router};

async fn handler() -> Html<&'static str> {
    Html("<h1>Hello, World!</h1>")
}

let app = Router::new().route("/", get(handler));

How it works

IntoResponse implementation

The Html type is a simple wrapper that sets the content-type header:

impl<T> IntoResponse for Html<T>
where
    T: IntoResponse,
{
    fn into_response(self) -> Response {
        (
            [(header::CONTENT_TYPE, HeaderValue::from_static("text/html; charset=utf-8"))],
            self.0,
        )
            .into_response()
    }
}

See implementation in axum/src/response/mod.rs:32-53.

Type definition

pub struct Html<T>(pub T);

The inner value is public, allowing direct access and construction.

Response fields

header

Automatically set to text/html; charset=utf-8

The inner response body (must implement IntoResponse)

Common patterns

Serving static HTML

async fn index() -> Html<&'static str> {
    Html(
        r#"
        <!DOCTYPE html>
        <html>
            <head><title>My App</title></head>
            <body><h1>Welcome!</h1></body>
        </html>
        "#,
    )
}

With template rendering

use askama::Template;

#[derive(Template)]
#[template(path = "index.html")]
struct IndexTemplate {
    name: String,
}

async fn index() -> Html<String> {
    let template = IndexTemplate {
        name: "Alice".to_string(),
    };
    Html(template.render().unwrap())
}

Serving multipart forms

async fn show_form() -> Html<&'static str> {
    Html(
        r#"
        <!doctype html>
        <html>
            <head><title>Upload</title></head>
            <body>
                <form action="/upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
                    <input type="file" name="file" multiple>
                    <input type="submit" value="Upload">
                </form>
            </body>
        </html>
        "#,
    )
}

Example from examples/stream-to-file/src/main.rs:60-85.

With custom status codes

use axum::http::StatusCode;

async fn not_found() -> (StatusCode, Html<&'static str>) {
    (
        StatusCode::NOT_FOUND,
        Html("<h1>404 - Page Not Found</h1>"),
    )
}

Using From trait

// Html implements From<T>
async fn handler() -> Html<String> {
    let html = String::from("<p>Hello</p>");
    html.into() // Calls Html::from()
}

Core Types

Extractors

Response Types

Middleware

Basic usage

How it works

IntoResponse implementation

Type definition

Response fields

Common patterns

Serving static HTML

With template rendering

Serving multipart forms

With custom status codes

Using From trait

See also

​Basic usage

​How it works

​IntoResponse implementation

​Type definition

​Response fields

​Common patterns

​Serving static HTML

​With template rendering

​Serving multipart forms

​With custom status codes

​Using From trait

​See also

Basic usage

How it works

IntoResponse implementation

Type definition

Response fields

Common patterns

Serving static HTML

With template rendering

Serving multipart forms

With custom status codes

Using From trait

See also